“The molecular events involved in the development and progression of endometrial cancer have not been fully elucidated. The role of epigenetic modification of genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) has been explored. Epigenetics is the study of the changes in gene expression caused by the chemical modification of genes and other molecules. miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules which function in transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of gene expression.

To determine the role of epigenetics in the molecular mechanism of endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC), a group of scientists conducted in vitro studies in a cell line established from a patient with endometrial adenocarcinoma. These EAC cells were treated with 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (known to cause primarily nucleic acid hypomethylation) or histone deacetylase inhibitor (DNA strands wind around histones in chromatin).

The expression of a miRNA (miR-130b) and vimentin gene (the vimentin protein is a marker of metastatic progression) were detected by PCR. miR-130b affects vimentin gene expression. Methylation of genes coding for miRNAs was detected by a bisulfate PCR sequencing technique. Cell proliferation and invasion were evaluated. It was found that treatment with 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine and histone deacetylase inhibitor was associated with an inhibition of proliferation and invasion of EAC cells. ”
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