P456
Fospropofol (MM = 332 g), a relatively new drug derivative of propofol, is a sedative hypnotic drug that is given intravenously (by injection). It is used very often for patients who are to be placed on mechanical ventilation, as well as to put patients to sleep prior to certain surgeries. Both drugs work by potentiating GABA activity in the brain, which slows down many electrical processes and thus causes the sedative hypnotic effect.
The big advantage of fospropofol over its predecessor is its solubility in water. It is not particularly simple to create a safe solution using a fat-soluble drug, and this can result in many dosage problems as well as side effects for patients. The structures of fospropofol and propofol are shown below. One point of note, however, is that in the body, the natural pH (~7.4) causes many hydroxide (-OH) species to be dehydrogenated, leaving an oxygen anion (O–) in its place.
Figure 1. Chemical structures of Propofol and Fospropofol.
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